Which President initiated the New Deal?

Franklin D. Roosevelt initiated the New Deal, a series of programs and reforms designed to address the economic challenges posed by the Great Depression that began in 1929. When Roosevelt took office in 1933, the country was in dire straits, facing massive unemployment, bank failures, and widespread poverty. His administration implemented a range of initiatives aimed at economic recovery, including financial reforms, job creation programs, and social safety nets, such as Social Security.

Roosevelt's New Deal transformed the role of the federal government in American life, expanding its involvement in economic activity and welfare. It included initiatives like the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) and the Public Works Administration (PWA), which aimed to alleviate unemployment, and the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA), which focused on regional development.

The significance of the New Deal also lies in its effort to secure a social safety net and improve labor rights, helping to reshape the Democratic Party and American political philosophy for decades to come. This legacy is why Franklin D. Roosevelt is recognized as the key figure behind the New Deal. In contrast, the other individuals mentioned had different roles and impacts within American history, neither initiating policies akin to the New Deal during such a pivotal time.