What was the main reason for the immigration of Eastern Europeans to the United States in the late 1800s?

The primary motivation for Eastern Europeans immigrating to the United States in the late 1800s was the search for jobs and political freedom. During this time, many Eastern European countries experienced harsh economic conditions, political instability, and oppressive regimes that limited personal and political freedoms. As a result, large numbers of individuals from countries such as Poland, Russia, and Hungary sought better economic opportunities and the prospect of freedom in the United States.

The industrial boom in the U.S. during this period created a high demand for labor, particularly in factories, mines, and railroads. This economic opportunity attracted many immigrants who were eager to improve their living conditions and support their families. Additionally, the promise of political freedom was particularly appealing to those escaping autocratic governments and seeking a society with greater civil liberties.

While factors like escaping religious persecution were also significant for some groups, particularly Jews fleeing pogroms in Eastern Europe, the overarching theme of searching for jobs and political freedom encapsulates the broader experience of many Eastern European immigrants during that era. Establishing trade agreements and seeking military service were not primary motivators for this wave of immigration, as they do not reflect the immediate personal and economic needs that drove individuals to leave their home countries in search of a better life in