What document outlines the framework of the U.S. government?

The Constitution is the foundational document that outlines the framework of the U.S. government. It establishes the structure of the government by creating three branches: the legislative, executive, and judicial branches, each with its own powers and responsibilities. The Constitution also includes the system of checks and balances, which ensures that no single branch becomes too powerful and can act independently.

In addition to establishing the framework, the Constitution sets forth the fundamental principles of American democracy, such as the rule of law, separation of powers, and federalism. It also includes a process for amendments, allowing the document to adapt to changing circumstances over time.

The other options, while significant in American history, serve different purposes. The Bill of Rights comprises the first ten amendments to the Constitution and specifically guarantees individual liberties but does not outline government structure. The Declaration of Independence, written to declare the colonies' independence from Britain, focuses on ideals of freedom and human rights rather than government organization. The Federalist Papers were a series of essays promoting the ratification of the Constitution but do not themselves establish the framework of government.